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- ********************************************************
- * Glycosyl hydrolases family 9 active sites signatures *
- ********************************************************
-
- The microbial degradation of cellulose and xylans requires several types of
- enzymes such as endoglucanases (EC 3.2.1.4), cellobiohydrolases (EC 3.2.1.91)
- (exoglucanases), or xylanases (EC 3.2.1.8) [1,2]. Fungi and bacteria produces
- a spectrum of cellulolytic enzymes (cellulases) and xylanases which, on the
- basis of sequence similarities, can be classified into families. One of these
- families is known as the cellulase family E [3] or as the glycosyl hydrolases
- family 9 [4]. The enzymes which are currently known to belong to this family
- are listed below.
-
- - Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens cellodextrinase 1 (ced1).
- - Cellulomonas fimi endoglucanases B (cenB) and C (cenC).
- - Clostridium cellulovorans endoglucanase C (engC).
- - Clostridium stercoararium endoglucanase Z (avicelase I) (celZ).
- - Clostridium thermocellum endoglucanases D (celD) and F (celF).
- - Fibrobacter succinogenes endoglucanase A (endA).
- - Pseudomonas fluorescens endoglucanase A (celA).
- - Streptomyces reticuli endoglucanase 1 (cel1).
- - Thermomonospora fusca endoglucanase E-4 (celD).
-
- - Dictyostelium discoideum spore germination specific endoglucanase 270-6.
- This slime mold enzyme may digest the spore cell wall during germination,
- to release the enclosed amoeba.
- - Endoglucanases from plants such as Avocado or French bean. In plants this
- enzyme may be involved the fruit ripening process.
-
- Two of the most conserved regions in these enzymes are centered on conserved
- residues which have been shown [5,6], in the endoglucanase D from Cellulomonas
- thermocellum, to be important for the catalytic activity. The first region
- contains an active site histidine and the second region contains two
- catalytically important residues: an aspartate and a glutamate. We have used
- both regions as signature patterns.
-
- -Consensus pattern: [STV]-x-[LIVMFY]-[STV]-x(2)-G-x-[NKR]-x(4)-[PLIVM]-H-x-R
- [H is an active site residue]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL, except
- for Cellulomonas fimi cenC and Streptomyces reticuli cel1.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Consensus pattern: [FYW]-x-D-x(4)-[FYW]-x(3)-E-x-[STA]-x(3)-N-[STA]
- [D and E are active site residues]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL, except
- for Fibrobacter succinogenes endA whose sequence seems to be incorrect.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Expert(s) to contact by email: Beguin P.
- phycel@pasteur.bitnet
- Henrissat B.
- bernie@cermav.grenet.fr
-
- -Last update: June 1994 / Text revised.
-
- [ 1] Beguin P.
- Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 44:219-248(1990).
- [ 2] Gilkes N.R., Henrissat B., Kilburn D.G., Miller R.C. Jr., Warren R.A.J.
- Microbiol. Rev. 55:303-315(1991).
- [ 3] Henrissat B., Claeyssens M., Tomme P., Lemesle L., Mornon J.P.
- Gene 81:83-95(1991).
- [ 4] Henrissat B.
- Biochem. J. 280:309-316(1991).
- [ 5] Tomme P., Chauvaux S., Beguin P., Millet J., Aubert J.-P., Claeyssens M.
- J. Biol. Chem. 266:10313-10318(1991).
- [ 6] Tomme P., van Beeumen J., Claeyssens M.
- Biochem. J. 285:319-324(1992).
-